G Dakṣināvibhaṅgasūtra / Gautamīsūtra
Gandhāra, Kharoṣthī ∙ BC 1
BML edition (version 1, March 2026)
Based on the reconstruction and translation by Strauch (unpublished). Sanskrit chāyā by Schlosser.
1 The Buddha refuses to accept Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī’s gift
§ 1
r1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + .. + + .. .. .. [bhag̱ava] .. .. + +
2 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + [d]. .. [bha]g̱avado araṃbhano bhag̱avado as̱ivade kri[tva] ta +
3 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + (bha)[g̱a]va anuaṃpa upad[ae] ⟨∙⟩
vaṃ vuto bhag̱ava mahaprayavati [g](odami)
4 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + dato [a]ha ca p[u]yido bhaviśe sa(ṃ)gho ca ⟨∙⟩ tre[tia] .. + + +
5 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
6 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
7 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
)){kind=link}
1 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + .. + + .. .. .. bhagavān
+ + .. ..
2 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + bhagavataḥ ārambhanam bhagavataḥ abhivādam kṛtvā
.. +
3 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + bhagavān anukampām upādāya evam uktaḥ bhagavān mahāprajāpatīm
gautamīm
4 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + dattam aham ca pūjitaḥ bhaviṣyam saṅgham
ca | tṛtiyam(?) + + +
5 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
6 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
7 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
… the Blessed One … for the sake of the Blessed One, having saluted the Blessed One,
(she sat down and said) “(May) the Blessed One (accept this cloth) out of compassion!”
Thus addressed, the Blessed One (spoke) to Mahāprajāpatī (Gautamī): (Give it to the
saṃgha. If) it is given (to the saṃgha), I will be honoured and the saṃgha. (This
was also said a) third (time). ...
2 The mutual services done by Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī and the Buddha to each other
2.1 Intervention by Ānanda: reference to Mahāprajāpatī’s services as foster-mother
§ 2.1
8 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
9 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + .. na vaḍhia loas̱a draśia [sta]ñas̱a pa[yi] + + + + +
8 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
9 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + .. vardhakā lokasya darśakā stanyasya *pāyakā(?)
+ + + + +
(Ānanda said: „Accept this pair of cloths. Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī was very helpful
to the Blessed One. Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī is the nurse who nourished the Buddha when
his mother who gave him birth had passed away.)ⓝTranslation based on the parallel passage in section 2.2. A reliable reconstruction
of the text is not possible.Click to pin (She) raised [him], showed [him] the world and fed [him] with [her] milk.
2.2 The Buddha’s response: Mahāprajāpatī’s services as foster-mother and the services done by himself.
§ 2.2
10 + + + + + + + + + + + + + (mahaprayava)[ti] go[dami] madu ja[ne]tri kalagada[e] avaïa po[ṣi](g̱a)
11 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + (ma)[ha]prayavadi godamie ba◈hokaro ⟨∙⟩
ta kis̱a hetu
10 + + + + + + + + + + + + + mahāprajāpatī gautamī mātṛ-janayitrī-kālagate (or mātari
janayitryām kālagatāyām) āpāyakā(BHS) poṣakā
11 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + mahāprajāpateḥ gautameḥ bahukaraḥ | tat kasya hetoḥ
|
(Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī was very helpful to me. Mahāprajāpatī) Gautamī is the nurse
who nourished [me] when [my] mother who gave [me] birth had passed away. (She raised
[me], showed [me] the world and fed [me] with [her] milk. But I was also) very helpful
to Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī. Out of what reason?
§ 2.2.1
ma[ma] 12 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
mama 12 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
(It is due to) my (support that Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī knows the Buddha, knows the
dharma, knows the saṃgha.)
§ 2.2.2
13 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
13 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
(It is due to my support that Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī has taken refuge to the Buddha,
has taken refuge to the dharma, has taken refuge to the saṃgha.)
§ 2.2.3
14 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
14 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
(It is due to my support that Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī is without doubt about the Buddha,
without doubt about the dharma and without doubt about the saṃgha.)
§ 2.2.4
15 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + (budhe) [n](i)[v](iyi)[k](i)[tsa dhaṃme nividikitsa sa]ṃ[gh](e niviyikitsa)
16 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + [p](ra)nadivadade prativirata [a]diṃnadanade prativirada
17 (kamehi micha)[carade p]radivi[ra](da mu)[ṣa]vadade pradivirada suramereamajapramati[tha](nade prati)18(virada)
15 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + buddhe nirvicikitsā dharme nirvicikitsā saṅghe
nirvicikitsā
16 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + prāṇātipātāt prativiratā adattadānāt prativiratā
17 kāmebhyaḥ mithyācārāt prativiratā mṛṣāvādāt prativiratā suramairayamadyapramādisthānāt
prati18viratā |
(It is due to my support that Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī) is without doubt (about the Buddha),
without doubt about the dharma (and without doubt about the saṃgha.
It is due to my support that Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī)ⓝAccording to the missing text in the first half of line 16, the expression “It is
due to my support that Mahāprajāpatī Gautamī” was possibly repeated here.Click to pin abstains from killing living beings, abstains from taking what is not given, abstains
from misconduct (in sensual pleasures), abstains from false speech, (abstains from)
a negligent state due to spirits, liquor and intoxicants.
3 The actions calling for respect
§ 3.1
(yo ho) [ana](ṃda pugalo pu)[ga]l(o) agamo ◈ budha janati [dha]ṃ(ma janati)
19 (saṃgha janati ⟨∙⟩ tena anaṃda tas̱a pugalas̱a na) [s](u)[kar](o) ◈ [paḍ](iha)[t](o) [yam i](da)
20 (civarapiṃḍavadaśenas̱anogilanapraceabheṣajaparikharo)
yaḥ khalu ānanda pudgalaḥ pudgalam āgamya buddham jānāti dharmam jānāti
19 saṅgham jānāti | tena ānanda tasya pudgalasya na sukaram pratikarttum yad idam
20 cīvarapiṇḍapātaśayanāsanaglānapratyayabhaiṣajyapariṣkaraḥ |
(Ānanda, when one person,) owing to [another] person, knows the Buddha, (knows the)
dharma (and knows the saṃgha,) it is (not) easy (for this [person], Ānanda,) to repay
(the [other] person) with regard to (the requisites robe, begging bowl, bed and seat,
and medicine as support for the sick.)
§ 3.2
21 (yo ho anaṃda pugalo pugalo agamo budho) [śarana] gado dhaṃmo śarana gada saṃgho śarano gado
22 [t](e)[na anaṃda] tas̱a pugalas̱a na [s]u[karo] paḍ̱hihato yam ida civarapiṃḍavadaśenas̱anogilanapracea23bheṣajoparikha[r]o
21 yaḥ khalu ānanda pudgalaḥ pudgalam āgamya buddham śaraṇam gataḥ dharmam śaraṇam gataḥ
saṅgham śaraṇam gataḥ |
22 tena ānanda tasya pudgalasya na sukaram pratikarttum yad idam cīvarapiṇḍapātaśayanāsanaglānapratyaya23bhaiṣajyapariṣkaraḥ |
(Ānanda, when one person, owing to [another] person), has taken refuge to the (Buddha),
has taken refuge to the dharma, has taken refuge to the saṃgha (…), it is not easy
for this [person], Ānanda, to repay the [other] person with regard to the requisites
robe, begging bowl, bed and seat, and medicine as support for the sick.
§ 3.3
yo ho anaṃda pugalo pugalo agamya budho nikaṃkṣo dhaṃmo nikakṣo saṃghe nikaṃkṣo ⟨∙⟩ [te](na)
24 [anaṃda tas̱a] pugalas̱a na s(u)[kar](o) pa[ḍ]i[ha]to yam i(da) civarapiṃḍavadośenas̱anogilanapraceabheṣajapari[kha]25(ro)
yaḥ khalu ānanda pudgalaḥ pudgalam āgamya buddhe niḥkāṅkṣaḥ dharme niḥkāṅkṣaḥ saṅghe
niḥkāṅkṣaḥ
24 tena ānanda tasya pudgalasya na sukaram pratikarttum yad idam cīvarapiṇḍapātaśayanāsanaglānapratyayabhaiṣajyapariṣka25raḥ |
Ānanda, when one person, owing to [another] person, is without doubt about the Buddha,
without doubt about the dharma and without doubt about the saṃgha, it is not easy
for this [person], Ānanda, to repay the [other] person with regard to the requisites
robe, begging bowl, bed and seat, and medicine as support for the sick.
§ 3.4
(yo ho anaṃda pugalo pugalo agamya budhe nivi)yigi[tsa dha](ṃ)[me] (niv)[i](yig)[i](tsa saṃgh)[e] (niviyigitsa)
26 (pranadivadade prativirada adiṃnadanade prativirada kamehi michacarade prativirada)
27 (muṣavadade pradivirada suramereamajapramatithanade prativirada)
28 (tena anaṃda ta)[s̱](a pugalas̱a na sukaro paḍihato yam) [i](da) [c](i)[varapiṃḍava]doś(e)nas̱anogilanapra[c](e)29[abhe]ṣajaparikha[r](e)[na]
yaḥ khalu ānanda pudgalaḥ pudgalam āgamya buddhe nirvicikitsaḥ dharme nirvicikitsaḥ
saṅghe nirvicikitsaḥ
26 prāṇātipātāt prativirataḥ adattadānāt prativirataḥ kāmebhyaḥ mithyācārāt prativirataḥ
27 mṛṣāvādāt prativirataḥ suramairayamadyapramādisthānāt prativirataḥ
28 tena ānanda tasya pudgalasya na sukaram pratikarttum yad idam cīvarapiṇḍapātaśayanāsanaglānapratya29yabhaiṣajyapariṣkaraḥⓝMs. instr. instead of nom.Click to pin |
(Ānanda, when one person, owing to [another] person,) is without doubt (about the
Buddha), without doubt about the dharma, (without doubt about the saṃgha and abstains
from killing living beings, abstains from taking what is not given, abstains from
misconduct in sensual pleasures, abstains from false speech, abstains from a negligent
state due to spirits, liquor and intoxicants, (it is not easy for this [person], Ānanda,
to repay the [other] person) with regard to the requisites robe, begging bowl, bed
and seat, and medicine as support for the sick.
4 The fourteen offerings to an individual
§ 4.0
[caü](daśa iśa) [anaṃ](da) [pa]ḍipoga[lika dha]kṣina ⟨∙⟩
kadara caüdaśa iśa anaṃda
caturdaśa iha ānanda prātipaudgalikāḥ dakṣiṇāḥ | katarāḥ caturdaśa iha ānanda |
Ānanda, there are fourteen (kinds) of offerings to an individual. Which are (these)
fourteen, Ānanda?
§ 4.1
30 ciric̄anugadas̱a pracea[dan]o deti
30 tiryaggatasya pratyayadānam dadāti |
One gives an offering of support to an animal.
§ 4.2
duśila◈s̱a manuśahodas̱a praceadano deti
duḥśīlasya manuṣyabhūtasya pratyayadānam dadāti |
One gives an offering of support to an immoral human being.
§ 4.3
śilavaṃ[ta]31[s̱a] man(u)śahodas̱a praceadano de[t]i
śīlavantaḥ 32 manuṣyabhūtasya pratyayadānam dadāti |
One gives an offering of support to a virtuous human being.
§ 4.4
iṣ̱is̱a bahirag̱as̱a [kame]hi vidarag̱as̱a praceadano deti
ṛṣeḥ bāhirakasya kāmebhyaḥ vītarāgasya pratyayadānam dadāti |
One gives an offering of support to a seer who is outside [of the Buddhist community],
who is free from lust for sensual pleasures.
§ 4.5
32 (sodavanadae praḍivaṃneas̱a praceadano deti)
32 srotaāpannatāyai pratipannakasya pratyayadānam dadāti |
(One gives an offering of support to one who has entered [upon the way] towards the
state of a stream-enterer.)
§ 4.6
(soda)[va]na⟪sa⟫ praceadano deti
srotaāpannasya pratyayadānam dadāti |
One gives an offering of support to a stream-enterer.
§ 4.7
[s̱aïda]g̱ami[da]⟨e⟩ [paḍivaṃnea]33(s̱a praceadano deti)
sakṛdāgāmitāyai pratipannaka33sya pratyayadānam dadāti |
(One gives an offering of support) to a one who has entered [upon the way] towards
the state of a once-returner.
§ 4.8
(s̱aïdag̱amis̱a praceadan)[o] deti •
sakṛdāgāminaḥ pratyayadānam dadāti |
(One gives an offering) of support (to a once-returner.)
§ 4.9
anag̱a[mi](dae) praḍivaṃneas̱a praceada[n](o) 34 (deti)
anāgāmitāyai pratipannakasya pratyayadānam 34 dadāti |
(One gives) an offering of support to one who has entered [upon the way] towards the
state of a non-returner.
§ 4.10
(anagamis̱a praceadano deti)
anāgaminaḥ pratyayadānam dadāti |
(One gives an offering of support to a non-returner.)
§ 4.11
(arahatadae praḍivaṃneas̱a praceadano deti)
arhattvasya pratipannakasya pratyayadānam dadāti |
(One gives an offering of support who has entered [upon the way] towards the state
an arhant.)
§ 4.12
(arahatas̱a praceadano) 35 (deti)
arhataḥ pratyayadānam 35 dadāti |
(One gives an offering of support to an arhant.)
§ 4.13
(praceabudhas̱a praceadano deti)
pratyekabuddhasya pratyayadānam dadāti |
(One gives an offering of support to a Pratyekabuddha.)
§ 4.14
36 + + + + (tas̱a)[g̱ada](s̱a arahatas̱a samasabu)[dha]s̱a
prac(e)[a]dano det[i]
36 + + + + tathāgatasya arhataḥ samyaksaṃbuddhasya pratyayadānam dadāti |
One gives an offering of support to a Tathāgata, (Arhant), Completely Awakened.
5 The fruits of the fourteen offerings to an individual
§ 5.0
[tatra anaṃda]
tatra ānanda
There, Ānanda,
§ 5.1
[c](i)[ric̱an]u[ga](da)37[s̱a pra]ceadano daï[ta ⟨∙⟩ śa]taüno vivao paḍiakṣidave
tiryaggata37sya pratyayadānam *dāyitvā/dattvā śataguṇaḥ vipākaḥ pratikāṅkṣitavyaḥ |
having given an offering of support to an animal, a hundredfold fruition is to be
expected.
§ 5.2
duśilas̱a manuśahodas̱a p(r)aceadano daï38ta ⟨∙⟩ s̱ahas̱aüno vivao paḍ̱iakṣidavo
duḥśīlasya manuṣyabhūtasya pratyayadānam *dāyitvā/dattvā 38 sahasraguṇaḥ vipākaḥ pratikāṅkṣitavyaḥ |
having given an offering of support to an immoral human being, a thousandfold fruition
is to be expected.
§ 5.3
śilavaṃtas̱a manuśahodas̱a praceadano daïta • śatas̱ahas̱aün[o] 39 [dha]kṣinavivao [paḍ]iakṣitave ◈
śīlavantaḥ manuṣyabhūtasya pratyayadānam *dāyitvā/dattvā śatasahasraguṇaḥ 39 dakṣiṇāvipākaḥ pratikāṅkṣitavyaḥ |
having given an offering of support to a virtuous human being, a hundred-thousandfold
fruition of the offering is to be expected.
§ 5.4
iṣi[s̱a bahir]eas̱a prac(e)adano daïta ⟨∙⟩ koḍ̱iuno dhakṣinavivao pa40[ḍiakṣidav](o)
ṛṣeḥ bāhirakasya pratyayadānam *dāyitvā/dattvā koṭiguṇaḥ dakṣiṇāvipākaḥ pra40tikāṅkṣitavyaḥ |
having given an offering of support to a seer who is outside [of the Buddhist community],
who is free from lust for sensual pleasures, a ten-millionfold fruition of the offering
is to be expected.
§ 5.5
(sodavanadae paḍivaṃ)[neas̱a] (praceadan)[o da]ita ⟨∙⟩ aprameo asaṃkheo dhakṣinaviva[o paḍi]41(akṣidavo)
srotaāpannatāyai pratipannakasya pratyayadānam *dāyitvā/dattvā aprameyaḥ asaṃkhyeyaḥ
dakṣiṇāvipākaḥ prati41kāṅkṣitavyaḥ |
having given an offering of support to one who has entered [upon the way] towards
the state of a stream-enterer, an immeasurable, innumerable fruition of the offering
is to be expected.
§ 5.6
ko vana vavo sodavanas̱a
kaḥ punar vādaḥ srotaāpannasya
(What, then, should be said [about an offering] to a stream-enterer.)
§ 5.7
(ko vana vavo s̱a)idag̱amidae paḍivaṃnag̱as̱a
kaḥ punar vādaḥ sakṛdāgāmitāyai pratipannakasya
(What, then, should be said [about an offering]) to one who has entered [upon the
way] towards the state of a once-returner.
§ 5.8
ko vuna vav[o] s̱aï42(dag̱amis̱a)
kaḥ punar vādaḥ sakṛ42dāgāminaḥ
What, then, should be said [about an offering] to a once-returner.
§ 5.9
(ko vana vavo anag̱amidae paḍivaṃnaga)s̱a
kaḥ punar vādaḥ anāgāmitāyai pratipannakasya
(What, then, should be said [about an offering] to one who has entered [upon the way]
towards the state of a non-returner.)
§ 5.10
ko vana vavo anagamis̱a
kaḥ punar vādaḥ anāgaminaḥ
What, then, should be said [about an offering] to a non-returner.
§ 5.11
43 (ko vana vavo arahatadae paḍivaṃnag̱as̱a)
43 kaḥ punar vādaḥ arhattvasya pratipannakasya
(What, then, should be said about [about an offering] to one who has entered [upon
the way] towards the state of an arhant.)
§ 5.12
(ko vana vavo ara)[ha]tas̱a
kaḥ punar vādaḥ arhataḥ
(What, then, should be said [about an offering]) to an arhant.
§ 5.13
ko vana vavo praceabudhas̱a
kaḥ punar vādaḥ pratyekabuddhasya
What, then, should be said [about an offering] to a Pratyekabuddha.
§ 5.14
44 [ko vana va](vo ta)[s̱ag̱adas̱a araha]⟨ta⟩[s̱a] (samasabudhas̱a)
44 kaḥ punar vādaḥ tathāgatasya arhataḥ samyaksaṃbuddhasya
What, then, should be said [about an offering] to a Tathāgata, Arhant, (Completely
Awakened).
6 The seven offerings to the saṃgha
§ 6.0
[s̱atime] anaṃda saṃ⟪gha⟫gada dhakṣina yas̱a ṇa sukar[o]
45 puṃñas̱a pramano grahetu ⟨∙⟩ etao puña ti [va] puña◈gamo di va puṃñavis̱ado di
46 va ⟨∙⟩ as̱a mahado puñakaṃdho aprame⟨a⟩ tv eva saṃkha [gacha]ti ⟨∙⟩ kadara s̱ata iśanada
sapta imāḥ ānanda saṃghatā dakṣiṇā yasyāḥ na sukaram
45 puṇyasya pramāṇam grahītum | ettakam puṇyam iti vā puṇyāgāmaḥ iti vā puṇyābhiṣyandaḥ
iti
46 vā | asyāḥ mahān (BHS mahantakaḥ) puṇyaskandhaḥ aprameyaḥ tu eva saṃkhyām gacchati
| katarāḥ sapta iha ānanda |
Here, Ānanda, are the seven [kinds of] offerings made to the saṃgha, whose merit is
not easy to measure thus: “Just so much is the merit,” or “Just so much is the accruing
of merit, or “Just so much is the outflow of merit.” Rather it is simply reckoned
as immeasurable big mass of merit. Which are [these] seven here, Ānanda?
§ 6.1
tas̱agado tiṭhaṃti yave 47 budhap[r]amu[has̱a] (bh)[ikh](usaṃghas̱a) [da]ṇo deti ⟨∙⟩
aya [anaṃ]da [p]a[ḍ̱h]ama saṃghag̱ada dhakṣina yas̱a na sukaro puña48(s̱a pramano grahetu ⟨∙⟩
etao puña ti va puña)[gama] ti va puñavis̱ada ti va ⟨∙⟩ as̱a ma⟪ha⟫puṃñakaṃdha
49 (apramea tv eva saṃkhaṃ gachati)
tathāgataḥ tiṣṭhantaḥ yāvat/yāvatā
47 buddhapramukhasya bhikhusaṃghasya dānam dadāti |
iyam ānanda prathamā saṃghagatā dakṣiṇā | yasyāḥ na sukaram puṇya48sya pramāṇam grahītum |
ettakam puṇyam iti vā puṇyāgāmaḥ iti vā puṇyābhiṣyandaḥ iti vā | asyāḥ mahāpuṇyaskandhaḥ
49 aprameyaḥ tu eva saṃkhyām gacchati |
As long as the Tathāgata is living, one gives an offering (to a saṃgha) of monks,
headed by the Buddha. This Ānanda, is the first offering made to the saṃgha, whose
merit is not easy (to measure thus: “Just so much is the merit,” or “Just so much
is the) accruing of merit, or “Just so much is the outflow of merit.” (Rather it is
simply reckoned as immeasurable) big mass of merit.
§ 6.2
(punavaro anaṃda ta)[s̱a]g̱ado tiṭhaṃto yaveto budhapramuhas̱a
50 (bhikhunisaṃghas̱a dano deti ⟨∙⟩ ayaṃ anaṃda dudiya saṃ)[ghag̱a]da dhakṣina ya[s̱a] na sukara puṃñas̱a prama51no graheto ⟨∙⟩
etao puṃña [d]i va [p]uṃ[ñag̱amo] (di) [va] pu[ṃ]ña[vi]s̱ado di va ◈
52 as̱a mahapuṃñakaṃdho apramea tv ea saṃkhaṃ [ga](chati)
punar aparam ānanda tathāgataḥ tiṣṭhantaḥ yāvat/yāvatā buddhapramukhasya
50 bhikṣuṇīsaṃghasya dānam dadāti | iyaṃ ānanda dvitīyā saṃghagatā dakṣiṇā | yasyāḥ
na sukaram puṇyasya pramā51ṇam grahītum | ettakam puṇyam iti vā puṇyāgāmaḥ iti vā puṇyābhiṣyandaḥ iti vā |
52 asyāḥ mahāpuṇyaskandhaḥ aprameyaḥ tu eva saṃkhyām gacchati |
(And further, Ānanda,) as long as the Tathāgata is living, (one gives an offering
to a saṃgha of nuns), headed by the Buddha. (This, Ānanda, is the second) offering
made to the saṃgha, whose merit is not easy to measure thus: “Just so much is the
merit,” or “Just so much is the accruing of merit, or “Just so much is the outflow
of merit.” Rather it is simply reckoned as immeasurable big mass of merit.
§ 6.3
p(u)navaro anaṃda tas̱ag̱ade ◈
53 parinivude bhikhusaṃghas̱a dano deti ⟨∙⟩ aya [a](naṃda tretia) saṃghag̱ada dhakṣina ya[s̱a]
54 .. .. .. .. (na sukaro puṃñas̱a pramano graheto ⟨∙⟩ eta)[o] puṃña di va puṃñag̱ama ti va puṃñavis̱ado
55 (di va ⟨∙⟩ as̱a mahado puñakaṃdho apramea tv eva) ◈ saṃkhaṃ gachaṃti
punar aparam ānanda tathāgate
53 parinirvr̥te bhikṣusaṃghasya dānam dadāti | iyaṃ ānanda tr̥tīyā saṃghagatā dakṣiṇā
| yasyāḥ
54 .. .. .. .. na sukaram puṇyasya pramāṇam grahītum | ettakam puṇyam iti vā puṇyāgāmaḥ
iti vā puṇyābhiṣyandaḥ
55 iti vā | asyāḥ mahān (BHS mahantakaḥ) puṇyaskandhaḥ aprameyaḥ tu eva saṃkhyām gacchati
|
And further, Ānanda, after the Tathāgata has completely extinguished, one gives an
offering to a saṃgha of monks. This, Ānanda, is the (third) offering made to the saṃgha,
whose (merit is not easy to measure thus): “Just so much is the merit,”) or “Just
so much is the accruing of merit, or “Just so much is the outflow of merit.” (Rather)
it is (simply) reckoned (as immeasurable big mass of merit).
§ 6.4
punavaro anada tas̱a[g̱a]56(de parinivude bhikhunisaṃghas̱a dano deti ⟨∙⟩ a)yaṃ anaṃda caüṭ́ha s̱aghag̱ada dhakṣiṇa
punar aparam ānanda tathāga56te parinirvr̥te bhikṣusaṃghasya dānam dadāti | iyaṃ ānanda caturthā saṃghagatā dakṣiṇā
|
And further, Ānanda, after the Tathāgata (has completely extinguished, one gives an
offering to a saṃgha of nuns.) This, Ānanda, is the fourth offering made to the saṃgha.
§ 6.5
punava57ro anaṃda [tas̱a]g̱ade par[inivut](e) ◈ .. + + + (sa)[ṃghas̱a] (da)[n](o) [d]eti ⟨∙⟩
ayaṃ anaṃda paṃcama saṃghaga58da dhakṣina yas̱a na sukaro puṃñas̱a pra[man]o graheto ⟨∙⟩
etaya puṃña di [va] ◈ pu59ñag̱ama di va puñavis̱ado di va ⟨∙⟩
as̱a mahado puñakaṃdho apramea tv eva s̱akhaṃ gachati
punar apa57ram ānanda tathāgate parinirvr̥te .. + + + saṃghasya dānam dadāti |
iyam ānanda pañcamā saṃghaga58tā dakṣiṇā | yasyāḥ na sukaram puṇyasya pramāṇam grahītum |
ettakam puṇyam iti vā pu59ṇyāgāmaḥ iti vā puṇyābhiṣyandaḥ iti vā |
asyāḥ mahān (BHS mahantakaḥ) puṇyaskandhaḥ aprameyaḥ tu eva saṃkhyām gacchati |
And further, Ānanda, after the Tathāgata has completely extinguished, one gives an
offering (…). This, Ānanda, is the fifth offering made to the saṃgha, whose merit
is not easy to measure thus: “Just so much is the merit,” or “Just so much is the
accruing of merit, or “Just so much is the outflow of merit.” Rather it is simply
reckoned as immeasurable big mass of merit.
§ 6.6
60 + + [ta](s̱ag̱ade parinivu)[de evam aha etaya] bhikhu[s̱agha]de agachaṃtu ⟨∙⟩
aya anada ṣaṭha saṃghag̱a61(da dhakṣina)
60 + + tathāgate parinirvr̥te evam āha | ettakāḥ bhikṣusaṃghāt āgacchantu |
iyam ānanda ṣaṣṭhā saṃghaga61tā dakṣiṇā |
(…) after the Tathāgata has completely extinguished, one says thus: “May so many of
the saṃgha of monks come [in order to receive gifts].” This, Ānanda, is the sixth
(offering) made to the saṃgha.n
§ 6.7.1
(punavaro anaṃda tas̱ag̱ade parinivu)[de] etaya bhikhunisaṃghade agachaṃtu ⟨∙⟩
ayaṃ s̱a62(tama saṃghag̱ada dhakṣina yas̱a na sukaro puṃñas̱a) [pra]mano graheto ⟨∙⟩
etaya puña ti va puṃñagama ti 63 [va] puṃ[ñavi]s̱ado di va ⟨∙⟩
[as̱a mahap]uṃ[ñakaṃdh](o) [apra](mea tv e◈)va saṃkhaṃ ga[cha]ti
punar aparam ānanda tathāgate parinirvr̥te ettakāḥ bhikṣusaṃghāt āgacchantu |
iyam sa62ptamā saṃghagatā dakṣiṇā | yasyāḥ na sukaram puṇyasya pramāṇam grahītum |
ettakam puṇyam iti vā puṇyāgāmaḥ iti 63 vā puṇyābhiṣyandaḥ iti vā |
asyāḥ mahān (BHS mahantakaḥ) puṇyaskandhaḥ aprameyaḥ tu eva saṃkhyām gacchati |
(And further, Ānanda, after the Tathāgata) has completely extinguished, one says thus:
“May so many of the saṃgha of nuns come [in order to receive gifts).” This, Ānanda,
is the seventh (offering made to the saṃgha, whose merit is not easy) to measure thus:
“Just so much is the merit,” or “Just so much is the accruing of merit, or “Just so
much is the outflow of merit.” Rather it is simply reckoned as immeasurable big mass
of merit.
§ 6.7.2
64 [i]me anaṃda s̱ata s̱aghagada dhakṣina yas̱a na suka[r](o pu)[ṃ](ñas̱a pramano graheto) ⟨∙⟩
etea puṃña ti 65 ◈ va pu[ṃ]ñagama ti va puñavis̱ado di va ⟨∙⟩
[a](s̱a) maha(do puṃñakaṃdho) [apramea] tv eva saṃkha[ṃ] gacha66(ti sayas̱ida maha◈samude na sukara) [udeas̱a p](r)[a]mano graheto etea ude67(amania di va udeama◈niaśada di va udeamanias̱aha)s̱a di va udeamaniaśadas̱a68(has̱a di va as̱a mahaüdeakaṃdho apramea tv eva saṃkhaṃ gacha)ti ⟨∙⟩
evam eva anaṃda 69 [im](e)ṣa satana s̱aghagadana dhakṣinana na sukaro pu[ṃ]ñasa pramano graheto ⟨∙⟩
eta[o] pu[ṃ]ña ti va 70 puñagama di va puña◈vis̱ado [di va] ⟨∙⟩
(as̱a mahado puñakaṃdho apramea) [tv eva saṃkhaṃ gacha](ti)
64 imāḥ ānanda sapta saṃghagatā dakṣiṇā | yasyāḥ na sukaram puṇyasya pramāṇam grahītum
| ettakam puṇyam iti
65 vā puṇyāgāmaḥ iti vā puṇyābhiṣyandaḥ iti vā | asyāḥ mahāpuṇyaskandhaḥ aprameyaḥ tu
eva saṃkhyām gaccha66ti |
tad yathā idam (BHS sayyathīdam) mahāsamudre na sukaram udakasya pramāṇam grahītum
| ettakāḥ uda67kamaṇikāḥ iti vā
udakamaṇikaśatam iti vā udakamaṇikasahasram iti vā udakamaṇikaśatasa68hasram iti vā |
atha mahodakaskandhaḥ aprameyaḥ tu eva saṃkhyām gacchati | evam eva ānanda 69
imāsām saptānām saṃghagatānām dakṣiṇānām na sukaram pramāṇam grahītum |
ettakam puṇyam iti vā 70 puṇyāgāmaḥ iti vā puṇyābhiṣyandaḥ iti vā |
asyāḥ mahān (BHS mahantakaḥ) puṇyaskandhaḥ aprameyaḥ tu eva saṃkhyām gacchati |
These, Ānanda, are the seven offerings made to the saṃgha, whose merit is not easy
(to measure) thus: “Just so much is the merit,” or “Just so much is the accruing of
merit, or “Just so much is the outflow of merit.” (Rather it is simply reckoned) as
immeasurable big (mass of merit). (Just as it is not easy) to measure the water (in
the great ocean) thus: “There are so many (pots of) water,” (or “There are so many
hundreds pots of water,”) or “(There are so many) thousands of (pots of water),” (or)
“There are so many hundreds of thousands of pots of water.” (Rather it is simply)
reckoned (as immeasurable big mass of water). Just in the same way, Ānanda, the merit
of these seven offerings made to the saṃgha is not easy to measure thus: “Just so
much is the merit,” or “Just so much is the) accruing of merit, or “Just so much is
the outflow of merit.” (Rather) it is simply reckoned as (immeasurable big mass of
merit).
7 The superiority of offerings made to the saṃgha
§ 7
71 bhaviśati anaṃda .. + + + .. .. .. .e ṣ. .. .. .. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
72garena pana ga ro + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
73 tena s̱ama[ena] .. .. .. + + .. .. + .. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
74 vo yo edarahi saṃgho [u]diśo dano deti
71 bhaviṣyanti ānanda .. + + + .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + ā72kāreṇa punaḥ .. .. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
73 tena samayena .. .. .. + + .. .. + .. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
74 vā yaḥ etarhi saṃgham uddiśya dānam dadāti
There will be, Ānanda, … but in (all) respects … at that time … (what then should
we say about one) who is now giving an offering with regard to the saṃgha.
8 The four kinds of purifying an offering
§ 8.0
catvarime anaṃda dhakṣinapariśodhi ⟨∙⟩ kadara catva[ri]
catasraḥ imāḥ ānanda dakṣiṇāpariśuddhayaḥ | katarāḥ catasraḥ |
These, Ānanda, are the four [kinds of] purifying an offering. Which are [these] four?
§ 8.1a
[ast](i) 75 dhakṣina dayato śuj̄ati na paḍigahato
asti 75 dakṣiṇā dāyakāt śudhyati na pratigrāhakāt |
There is the offering [that is] purified by the giver, not the receiver.
§ 8.2a
asti dhakṣina paḍigahato śuj̄ati na dayato
asti dakṣiṇā pratigrāhakāt śudhyati na dāyakāt |
There is the offering [that is] purified by the receiver, not by the giver.
§ 8.3a
asti dhakṣi76[na] ṇevi dayato śuj̄ati na paḍigahato
asti dakṣi76ṇā naiva dāyakāt śudhyati na pratigrāhakāt |
There is the offering [that is] purified neither by the giver nor by the receiver.
§ 8.4a
asti dha[kṣ]ina dayato ca paḍigahato ca śuj̄ati
asti dakṣiṇā dāyakāt ca pratigrāhakāt ca śudhyati |
There is the offering [that is] purified both by the giver and the receiver.
§ 8.1b
77 kas̱a ca anaṃda dhakṣina dayato śuj̄ati na paḍigahato ⟨∙⟩
iśa anaṃda dayao śilava bhoti kalana78dhamo ⟨∙⟩ paḍigahao duśilo bhoti [pava]◈dhamo ⟨∙⟩
[aya anaṃda] dhakṣina dayato śuj̄ati
79 na paḍigahato
77 kakatham ca ānanda dakṣiṇā dāyakāt śudhyati na pratigrāhakāt | iha ānanda dāyakaḥ
śīlavān bhavati kalyāṇa78dharmaḥ |
pratigrāhakaḥ duḥśīlaḥ bhavati pāpadharmaḥ | iyam ānanda dakṣinā dāyakāt śudhyati
79 n na pratigrāhakāt |
And how, Ānanda, the offering is purified by the giver, not by the receiver? Here,
Ānanda, the giver is virtuous, of good character, [and] the receiver is immoral, of
evil character. This offering, Ānanda, is purified by the giver, not by the receiver.
§ 8.2b
kasaṃ ca anada dhakṣina paḍigahato śuj̄ati na dayato ⟨∙⟩
iśa anada paḍigra80◈hao śilava bhoti kalanadhaṃmo ⟨∙⟩ dayao duśilo bhoti pavadhaṃmo ⟨∙⟩
aya anaṃda paḍi81◈gaheado śuj̄ati na dayato
katham ca ānanda dakṣiṇā pratigrāhakāt śudhyati na dāyakāt |
iha ānanda pratigrā80hakaḥ śīlavān bhavati kalyāṇadharmaḥ |
dāyakaḥ duḥśīlaḥ bhavati pāpadharmaḥ | iyam ānanda prati81grāhakāt śudhyati na dāyakāt |
And how, Ānanda, the offering is purified by the receiver, not by the giver? Here,
Ānanda, the giver is virtuous, of good character, [and] the receiver is immoral, of
evil character. This offering, Ānanda, is purified by the receiver, not by the giver.
§ 8.3b
kasaṃ ca anaṃda dhakṣina ṇevi dayato śuj̄ati na paḍi82gaha[to] ⟨∙⟩
iśa anaṃda [daya]o duśi[lo bh](o)[ti pavadha]ṃmo ⟨∙⟩ paḍigahao ve duśilo bhoti pavadhaṃmo ⟨∙⟩
a83ya anaṃda dhakṣina nevi dayato na paḍigahato śuj̄ati
katham ca ānanda dakṣiṇā naiva dāyakāt śudhyati na prati82grāhakāt | iha ānanda dāyakaḥ duḥśīlaḥ bhavati pāpadharmaḥ | pratigrāhakaḥ api duḥśīlaḥ
bhavati pāpadharmaḥ |
i83yam ānanda dakṣiṇā naiva dāyakāt na pratigrāhakāt śudhyati |
And how, Ānanda, the offering is purified neither by the giver, nor by the receiver?
Here, Ānanda, the giver is immoral, of evil character, [and] the receiver is immoral,
of evil character. This offering, Ānanda, is purified neither by the giver, nor by
the receiver.
§ 8.4b
kasaṃ ca anaṃda dhakṣina dayato ca paḍigaha84[t](o) [ca ś]uj̄ati ⟨∙⟩
dayago vi śilava bhoti kalanadhaṃmo ⟨∙⟩ paḍigahao vi śilava bhoti kalanadhaṃmo
85 aya anaṃda dhakṣina dayato vi paḍigahato vi śuj̄ati
katham ca ānanda dakṣiṇā dāyakāt ca pratigrāha84kāt śudhyati | dāyakaḥ api śīlavān bhavati kalyāṇadharmaḥ | pratigrāhakaḥ api śīlavān
bhavati kalyāṇadharmaḥ |
85 iyam ānanda dakṣiṇā dāyakāt api pratigrāhakāt api śudhyati |
And how, Ānanda, the offering is purified both by the giver and the receiver? [Here],
the receiver is virtous, of good character, [and] also the receiver is iis virtous,
of good character. This offering, Ānanda, is purified both by the giver and the receiver.
9 The gāthās
§ 9.0
idam avayi bhagava ⟨∙⟩ ida vaditva sugado a86s̱avara idam avayadi śasta
idam avocat bhagavān | idam uktvā (BHS vaditvā) sugataḥ a86thāparam idam avocat śāstā |
This is what the Blessed One said. When the Sugata had said that, the Teacher said
further:
§ 9.1
v. 9.1
ya śilavaṃ duśileṣu dadati daṇo
dhaṃmena ladh{e}na prasaṃnacito
avi87ṣadhaï kaṃmaphalovivao
sa dhakṣina dayaato viśuj̄ati
dhaṃmena ladh{e}na prasaṃnacito
avi87ṣadhaï kaṃmaphalovivao
sa dhakṣina dayaato viśuj̄ati
v. 9.1
yaḥ śīlavān duḥśīleṣu dādati dānam |
dharmeṇa labdhvāna (BHS) prasannacittaḥ |
abhi87śraddhāya karmaphalavipākam |
sā dakṣiṇā dāyakāt viśudhyati ||
dharmeṇa labdhvāna (BHS) prasannacittaḥ |
abhi87śraddhāya karmaphalavipākam |
sā dakṣiṇā dāyakāt viśudhyati ||
v. 9.1When a virtuous person gives to immoral persons an offering,
righteously acquired, with trusting mind,
believing in the ripening of the fruits of actions,
this offering is purified by the donor.
righteously acquired, with trusting mind,
believing in the ripening of the fruits of actions,
this offering is purified by the donor.
v. 9.2
ya duśilo śi[lava](ṃ)teṣu dadati dano
88 adhaṃmena ladh{e}na aprasaṃnaci◈to
anaviṣadhaï kaṃmaphalovivao
s̱a dhakṣina paḍi89gahayato viśuj̄ati
88 adhaṃmena ladh{e}na aprasaṃnaci◈to
anaviṣadhaï kaṃmaphalovivao
s̱a dhakṣina paḍi89gahayato viśuj̄ati
v. 9.2
yaḥ duḥśīlaḥ śīlavatsu dādati dānam |
88 adharmeṇa labdhvāna (BHS) aprasannacittaḥ |
anabhiśraddhāya karmaphalavipākam |
sā dākṣiṇā prati89grāhakāt viśudhyati ||
88 adharmeṇa labdhvāna (BHS) aprasannacittaḥ |
anabhiśraddhāya karmaphalavipākam |
sā dākṣiṇā prati89grāhakāt viśudhyati ||
v. 9.2When an immoral person gives to virtuous persons an offering,
unrighteously acquired, with untrusting mind,
not believing in the ripening of the fruits of actions,
this offering is purified by the receiver.
unrighteously acquired, with untrusting mind,
not believing in the ripening of the fruits of actions,
this offering is purified by the receiver.
v. 9.3
ya drośi[l]o [d]uśileṣu dadati dano
adhaṃmena ladhana aprasaṃnacito
anaviṣa90dhaï kamaphalovivao
s̱a dhakṣina ubhaïto na śuj̄ati
adhaṃmena ladhana aprasaṃnacito
anaviṣa90dhaï kamaphalovivao
s̱a dhakṣina ubhaïto na śuj̄ati
v. 9.3
yaḥ duḥśīlaḥ duḥśīleṣu dādati dānam |
adharmeṇa labdhvāna (BHS) aprasannacittaḥ |
anabhiśra90ddhāya karmaphalavipākam |
sā dākṣiṇā ubhayataḥ na śudhyati ||
adharmeṇa labdhvāna (BHS) aprasannacittaḥ |
anabhiśra90ddhāya karmaphalavipākam |
sā dākṣiṇā ubhayataḥ na śudhyati ||
v. 9.3When an immoral person gives to immoral persons an offering,
unrighteously acquired, with untrusting mind,
not believing in the ripening of the fruits of actions,
this offering is not purified by both.
unrighteously acquired, with untrusting mind,
not believing in the ripening of the fruits of actions,
this offering is not purified by both.
v. 9.4
ya śilavo śilava[deṣ]u [dadati dan]o
91 dhaṃmena ladhana prasaṃnacito
aviṣadhaï kaṃmaphalovivao
s̱a dhakṣina ubhaïdo viśuj̄a92ti
91 dhaṃmena ladhana prasaṃnacito
aviṣadhaï kaṃmaphalovivao
s̱a dhakṣina ubhaïdo viśuj̄a92ti
v. 9.4
yaḥ śīlavān śīlavatsu dādati dānam |
91 dharmeṇa labdhvāna (BHS) prasannacittaḥ |
abhiśraddhāya karmaphalavipākam |
sā dākṣiṇā ubhayataḥ viśudhya92ti ||
91 dharmeṇa labdhvāna (BHS) prasannacittaḥ |
abhiśraddhāya karmaphalavipākam |
sā dākṣiṇā ubhayataḥ viśudhya92ti ||
v. 9.4When a virtuous person gives to virtuous persons an offering,
righteously acquired, with trusting mind,
believing in the ripening of the fruits of actions,
this offering is purified by both.
righteously acquired, with trusting mind,
believing in the ripening of the fruits of actions,
this offering is purified by both.
v. 9.5
ya vidarago vig̱adarageṣu da[dati] dano
[dhaṃ]mena ladhana prasaṃnacito
aviṣadhaï kama93[pha]lovivao
sa dhakṣina amiṣadanana utama
[dhaṃ]mena ladhana prasaṃnacito
aviṣadhaï kama93[pha]lovivao
sa dhakṣina amiṣadanana utama
v. 9.5
yaḥ vītarāgaḥ vītarāgeṣu dādati dānam |
dharmeṇa labdhvāna (BHS) prasannacittaḥ |
abhiśraddhāya karma93phalavipākam |
sā dakṣiṇā āmiṣadānānām uttamā ||
dharmeṇa labdhvāna (BHS) prasannacittaḥ |
abhiśraddhāya karma93phalavipākam |
sā dakṣiṇā āmiṣadānānām uttamā ||
v. 9.5When one free from lust gives to (others) free from lust an offering,
righteously acquired, with trusting mind,
believing in the ripening of the fruits of actions,
this offering is the highest of the material offerings.
righteously acquired, with trusting mind,
believing in the ripening of the fruits of actions,
this offering is the highest of the material offerings.
10 Concluding formula
§ 10
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idam avocat bhagavān | āttamanāḥ āyuṣmān ānandaḥ 94 bhagavataḥ bhāṣitam abhinandīt ||
Thus spoke the Blessed One. Pleased, the Venerable Ānanda rejoiced at the speech of
the Blessed One.